1. SELECT

Used to retrieve data from tables.

SELECT column1, column2
FROM users;

• → select all columns
• Always pair with FROM

2. WHERE

Filter rows.

SELECT *
FROM users
WHERE age > 18;

Common operators:

• =, !=, >, <, >=, <=
• AND, OR, NOT
• IN, BETWEEN
• LIKE (pattern matching)

WHERE email LIKE '%gmail.com'
WHERE id IN (1,2,3)